abstract：:The Wilderness Medical Society convened a panel to review available evidence supporting practices for the prevention and acute management of drowning in out-of-hospital and emergency medical care settings. Literature about definition and terminology, epidemiology, rescue, resuscitation, acute clinical management, disp...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Schmidt AC,Sempsrott JR,Hawkins SC,Arastu AS,Cushing TA,Auerbach PS

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report a case of survival of a completely buried avalanche victim after being located with the radar-based RECCO Rescue System. In the winter of 2015, 2 off-piste skiers were completely buried in an avalanche near the secured ski area in Baqueira Beret, Spain. The first victim was located with the RECCO Rescue Syst...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Grasegger K,Strapazzon G,Procter E,Brugger H,Soteras I

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening, multisystem hypersensitivity reaction that can rapidly progress to hypotension and airway compromise. Successful management of anaphylaxis has been documented with the use of prescription intramuscular epinephrine pens that require only minimal training for safe use. The prio...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Robinson PE,Lareau SA

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This study sought to create a model for testing topical treatment of jellyfish stings. It sought to determine which treatments 1) stimulate/inhibit nematocyst discharge; 2) decrease pain; and 3) decrease skin inflammation; it also sought to discover whether there is a clinical correlation between stimulated ...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： DeClerck MP,Bailey Y,Craig D,Lin M,Auerbach LJ,Linney O,Morrison DE,Patry W,Auerbach PS

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Olfactory function, a cognitive impairment biomarker, was evaluated in mountain ultramarathon (MUM) runners during the Tor des Géants race (332.5 km with an overall altitude gain of 24,000 m; altitude range 330-3296 m above the sea). METHODS:An Odor Identification Test was administered before (T0; n = 53), a...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Tonacci A,Billeci L,Tartarisco G,Mastorci F,Borghini A,Mrakic-Sposta S,Moretti S,Vezzoli A,Faraguna U,Pioggia G,Guido G,Pratali L

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Risk of injury in cold environments is related to a combination of athlete preparedness, preexisting medical conditions, and the body's physiologic response to environmental factors, including ambient temperature, windchill, and wetness. The goal of this section is to decrease the risk of hypothermia, frostbite, and n...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Fudge JR,Bennett BL,Simanis JP,Roberts WO

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Helicopters are commonly used in search and rescue operations, and accidents have occurred during helicopter search and rescue (HSAR) missions. The purposes of this study were to investigate whether the HSAR accident rate in the United States could be determined and whether any common contributing factors or ...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Worley GH

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To determine the incidence of femur fractures in mountain rescue in England and Wales. To investigate the attitudes of rescuers toward the use of femoral traction splints. To review the literature for evidence on the use of traction splints in prehospital medicine and test the hypothesis that femoral tractio...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Runcie H,Greene M

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stingray envenomation is a common occurrence. X-ray evaluation of stingray wounds is an unnecessarily misunderstood diagnostic concept. We present the case of a patient stung by a stingray with a prolonged and complicated course and permanent disability due to a retained barb. The patient had undergone multiple medica...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： O'Malley GF,O'Malley RN,Pham O,Randolph F

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:We aimed to ascertain risk factors for acute mountain sickness (AMS) in miners exposed to chronic intermittent high altitude conditions. METHODS:All new hires (2009-2012) for mine employment (4000 m above sea level) were followed up for 12 months after first ascent. Demographics, physiologic data, and cigare...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Vinnikov D,Brimkulov N,Blanc PD

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We present 3 cases of severe hyponatremia occurring on a commercially guided river rafting trip on the Colorado River in Grand Canyon National Park. All 3 women appeared to have been overhydrating because of concern about dehydration and required evacuation within 24 hours of each other after the staggered onset of sy...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Pearce EA,Myers TM,Hoffman MD

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Heat-related illness is a common disease with significant morbidity and mortality. Despite no proven efficacy, application of chemical cold packs (CCP) to the skin overlying the large vessels of the neck, groin, and axillae is a traditional recommended cooling modality. The study objective was to compare the ...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Lissoway JB,Lipman GS,Grahn DA,Cao VH,Shaheen M,Phan S,Weiss EA,Heller HC

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a new protocol implemented to standardize snakebite management in Iran. METHODS:In this study, 27 patients treated according to the new protocol in 2012 (P+) were compared with 22 patients treated according to the previous modality in the year before i...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Monzavi SM,Salarian AA,Khoshdel AR,Dadpour B,Afshari R

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Portable electronic devices play an important role in the management of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Electromagnetic interference from electronic devices has been shown to impair the function of an avalanche transceiver in search mode (but not in transmitting mode). This study investigates the influence of elect...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Miller SC

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Exercise-associated hyponatremia (EAH) is defined by a serum or plasma sodium concentration below the normal reference range of 135 mmol/L that occurs during or up to 24 hours after prolonged physical activity. It is reported to occur in individual physical activities or during organized endurance events conducted in ...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Bennett BL,Hew-Butler T,Hoffman MD,Rogers IR,Rosner MH,Wilderness Medical Society.

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to describe the range and types of medical and traumatic conditions encountered in land search and rescue operations in New Zealand. METHODS:Twenty months (May 2010 to December 2011) of land search and rescue operations were analyzed. Data on medical and traumatic conditions were ex...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Visser JT,Campbell AF

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine circulating hormonal responses in men competing in the Western States Endurance Run (WSER, June 23 to 24, 2012): a 161-km trail run that starts in Squaw Valley, CA, and concludes in Auburn, CA. METHODS:We examined 12 men who completed the WSER. Blood samples were obtained the morning before the ra...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Kupchak BR,Kraemer WJ,Hoffman MD,Phinney SD,Volek JS

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purposes of this experiment were to determine the repeatability of acute mountain sickness (AMS), AMS symptoms, and physiological responses across 2 identical hypoxic exposures. METHODS:Subjects (n = 25) spent 3 nights at simulated altitude in a normobaric hypoxia chamber: twice at a partial pressure of ...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： MacInnis MJ,Koch S,MacLeod KE,Carter EA,Jain R,Koehle MS,Rupert JL

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Teaching emergency procedural skills in a wilderness setting can be logistically challenging. To teach these skills as part of a wilderness medicine elective for medical students, we designed an outdoor simulation session with low-fidelity models. The session involved 6 stations in which procedural skills were taught ...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Saxon KD,Kapadia AP,Juneja NS,Bassin BS

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Minimal data exist regarding the activity, membership, training, and medical oversight of search and rescue (SAR) teams. OBJECTIVE:Our objective was to describe these characteristics in the Intermountain West SAR organizations. METHODS:A contact list was generated and electronic surveys were sent to SAR of...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Russell KW,Weber DC,Scheele BM,Ernst RP,Kanaan NC,Smith WR,McIntosh SE,Wheeler AR 3rd

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:In low-income countries, snakebites are frequently managed in rural areas in health centers with severely constrained resources. Many healthcare providers in these settings have limited access to the numerous and relatively expensive laboratory studies used to diagnose envenomation. The relatively simple and...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Gaus DP,Herrera DF,Troya CJ,Guevara AH

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that polymorphisms in the endothelial PAS domain protein 1 (EPAS1) gene are associated with the susceptibility to high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) in Han Chinese. METHODS:This study enrolled 153 HAPE patients (HAPE-p), matched with Han Chinese resistan...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Yang YZ,Wang YP,Qi YJ,Du Y,Ma L,Ga Q,Ge RL

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Remote extended expeditions often support scientific research and commercial resource exploration or extraction in hostile environments. Medical support for these expeditions is inherently complex and requires in-depth planning. To be successful, this planning must include substantial input from clinicians with experi...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Iserson KV

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Flying snakes (Genus Chrysopelea) are a group of ophisthoglyphous colubrids in South and South East Asia known for gliding in the air. Of the five species of flying snakes, Sri Lankan flying snake, Chrysopelea taprobanica, is endemic to Sri Lanka. Authenticated bites and the venom characteristics of this uncommon snak...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Silva A,Weerawansa P,Pilapitiya S,Maduwage T,Siribaddana S

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to review the patient characteristics and management of 56 cases of high altitude pulmonary edema at the Pheriche Himalayan Rescue Association Medical Aid Post, and to measure the use of medications in addition to descent and oxygen. METHODS:In a retrospective case series, we re...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Jones BE,Stokes S,McKenzie S,Nilles E,Stoddard GJ

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Skiing and snowboarding are popular activities that involve high kinetic energies, often at altitude, and injuries are common. As a portable imaging modality, ultrasound may be a useful adjunct for mountainside clinics. This review briefly discusses skier and snowboarder injury profiles and focuses on the ro...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Evans CS,Harris NS

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to examine the retention of wilderness first aid (WFA) knowledge, self-efficacy beliefs, and skills over time in a sample of WFA course participants. METHODS:Seventy-two open enrollment (volunteer) WFA course participants were assessed at 4 months, 8 months, or 12 months after t...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Schumann SA,Schimelpfenig T,Sibthorp J,Collins RH

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:High altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a potentially deadly disease associated with exposure to altitudes greater than 3000 m. Individuals who have previously experienced HAPE are at a significantly higher risk of recurrence, suggesting an underlying genetic component to HAPE pathogenesis. In a previous nuc...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Luo Y,Chen Y,Zhang Y,Zhou Q,Gao Y

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To describe the epidemiology of injuries sustained during the 2009 season at Whistler Mountain Bike Park. METHODS:A retrospective chart review was performed of injured bike park cyclists presenting to the Whistler Health Clinic between May 16 and October 12, 2009. RESULTS:Of 898 cases, 86% were male (median...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Ashwell Z,McKay MP,Brubacher JR,Gareau A

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anaphylaxis is a medical emergency requiring prompt action to prevent death from cardio-respiratory collapse. It can be a biphasic, unpredictable, and challenging reaction to deal with even in a hospital environment. The wilderness environments afforded by expeditions, remote health posts, and military exercises pose ...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Stokes S,Hudson S

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of aspirin on the thermoregulatory responses of men during exposure to 12°C air (acute cold exposure) for a period of 120 minutes and recovery in 25°C air (rewarming) for 120 minutes. METHODS:Seven male subjects (26.1 ± 2.4 yr) underwent pre-experimental testing to determine peak VO(2) ...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Murray LK,Otterstetter R,Muller MD,Glickman EL

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Injuries caused by wild boar attacks are rare. A 34-year-old male shepherd sustained injuries caused by a wild boar attack, and was brought to our emergency department. The patient had 2 skin and deep tissue lacerations on the posterior aspect of his thigh. Herein, we discuss the clinical management of a wild boar bit...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Kose O,Guler F,Baz AB,Akalin S,Turan A

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this case study is to examine the physiological/behavioral factors leading up to heat exhaustion in a male wildland firefighter during wildland fire suppression. The participant (24 years old, 173 cm, 70 kg, and 3 years firefighting experience) experienced heat exhaustion following 7 hours of high ambie...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Cuddy JS,Ruby BC

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A tool that can differentiate ischemic stroke from other neurological conditions (eg, hemorrhagic stroke, high-altitude cerebral edema) in the field could enable more rapid thrombolysis when appropriate. The resources (eg, an MRI or CT scanner) to investigate stroke at high altitude may be limited, and hence a portabl...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Wilson MH,Levett DZ,Dhillon S,Mitchell K,Morgan J,Grocott MP,Imray C

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to describe the relative frequency, patterns, and mechanisms of sailing-related injuries in dinghies and keelboats. Data were also collected on risky and risk-averse behaviors of sailors, as well as on sailing-related illnesses. METHODS:A web-based, logic-driven, multiple-choice...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Nathanson AT,Baird J,Mello M

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Puerto Rico (PR) is home to 10 indigenous species of snake. Alsophis portorricensis has traditionally been considered harmless. In 1961, Hageman classified A portorricensis as somewhere between "venomous" and "nonvenomous." In 1966, Heatwole and Banuchi reported the only case found in the literature of a "venomous" bi...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： García-Gubern C,Bello R,Rivera V,Rocafort A,Colon-Rolon L,Acosta-Tapia H

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To measure afterdrop and rewarming in subjects placed in a hypothermia wrap immediately after extrication from 60 minutes of snow burial. METHODS:We measured esophageal core body temperature (Tes) in 6 subjects buried in compacted snow (mean density 39%) for up to 60 minutes at an altitude of 2450 m while br...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Grissom CK,Harmston CH,McAlpine JC,Radwin MI,Ellington B,Hirshberg EL,Crouch A

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To describe search and rescue activity performed by the National Park Service (NPS) on Denali, the highest point in North America. METHODS:A retrospective review was performed of all search and rescue (SAR) operations by the NPS from 1990 to 2008. Descriptive analysis was used to describe these cases as well...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： McIntosh SE,Brillhart A,Dow J,Grissom CK

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Severe injuries and fatalities can occur from an alligator attack. Encounters with alligators appear to be increasing in the United States. This review provides information from alligator attacks reported in the United States as well as infections that may occur after an alligator bite. METHODS:Telephone int...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Langley RL

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Physical stress (exercise and/or environmental) activates the sympathetic-adrenal-medullary (SAM) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axes. The combination of ultraendurance exercise in the cold presents a unique summated stress to the body. The purpose of this study was to assess the stress hormo...

journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine

authors： Stuempfle KJ,Nindl BC,Kamimori GH

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00